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Power has become an increasingly important aspect of portable electronic systems and systems that drain power from the electrical grid. With every major step on the Semiconductor Industry Association's Technology Roadmap, the voltage decreases to enable smaller spacing between critical dimensions on high performance computing chips and higher operating frequencies. As a result, the current level increases and will be over 100A for desktop power supplies in 2004 creating challenges for power supply designers. At the same time, some systems, such as automotive, have defined higher voltages (42V) to decrease the amount of current that must flow in the system to avoid conducting over 100A and the associated system losses.
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